Long-span space steel space frame is not limited to traditional single structure

Modern long-span space steel space frames are no longer limited to the traditional single structural form, and new structural forms and various combined structural forms are constantly emerging. Structural forms are becoming more and more complex. The "Bird's Nest" adopts a complex twisted space truss structure, the "Water Cube" adopts a polyhedral space rigid frame structure based on foam theory, the Olympic Badminton Stadium adopts the world's largest spanned string dome structure, and the Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center adopts a stringed truss structure .

Large-span space buildings such as "Bird's Nest" and "Water Cube" are very difficult to construct, because they are three-dimensional shapes and structural systems with spatial forces. The "Bird's Nest" is a hyperboloid saddle shape, with a high point of 68.5 meters and a low point of 40.1 meters. The plane is elliptical, with a long axis of 332.3 meters and a short axis of 297.3 meters. It is composed of a main truss composed of complex box-shaped twisted members and a large number of substructures criss-crossed in space. It uses 42,000 tons of steel and is connected by 300 kilometers of welds. The structural form of the "Water Cube" is a polyhedral steel frame structure cut from a combination of 14-hedron and 12-hedron based on foam theory, with a side length of 177 meters, a height of 30 meters, a roof thickness of 7.2 meters, and a wall thickness of 3.5 meters and 5.9 meters. , the entire structure consists of 29,979 components and 9,309 nodes, using about 7,000 tons of steel, connected by 100-kilometer-long welds.