Support arrangement of steel space structure

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 The support of the steel space frame structure includes peripheral support, point support, etc. Peripheral support is currently the most commonly used form of support, which is to put the peripheral nodes of the space frame on columns or beams. Point support means that the space frame rests on an independent column, which have no connection with other structures.  

The space frame structure generally support by top chord. When the bottom chord support is required due to the building function, vertical or inclined side trusses should be formed on the surrounding supports of the space frame to ensure the geometric non-deformation of the space frame and can effectively transfer the upper chord vertical load and horizontal load to the support.

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 The horizontal rigidity in the plane of the two-way orthogonal truss is relatively small, to ensure the stability of each truss outside the plane and to effectively transmit and distribute horizontal loads such as wind loads acting on the roof structure, grids should be set around the top chord of the space frame, for large span structures or when the bottom chord surrounding supporting should be along the bottom chord closed horizontal support around the grid settings.  

 For multi-point supported space frame, because there are too few supporting columns, the internal force of the steel bar around the columns is generally very large. Setting the column cap on the top of the column can reduce the supporting span of the space frame, disperse the internal force of the surrounding rods of the supporting column, and the node are easier to deal with, so it is generally appropriate to set the column cap on the top of the column.   

The column cap should be set below the lower chord plane, or above the top chord plane or an umbrella-shaped column cap. The form of the column cap can be used in different forms according to the functional requirements of the building.  

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